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高中英语时态总结表

时间:2024-02-18 13:14:55
高中英语时态总结表

高中英语时态总结表

高中英语时态总结【1】

  一般 完成 进行 完成进行
现在

现在一般时
do

现在完成时
have been

现在进行时
is doing

现在完成进行时
have been doing

过去

过去一般时
did

过去完成时
have done

过去进行时
was doing

过去完成进行时
have been doing

将来

将来一般时
will do

将来完成时
will have done

将来进行时
will be doing

将来完成进行时
will have been diong

过去将来

过去将来一般时
would do

过去将来完成时
would have done

过去将来进行时
would be doing

过去将来完成进行时
would have been doing

  注:构成时态的助动词be (is, am, are), have (has, have), shall, will 等需根据主语的变化来选择。

高中英语十六种时态用法详解之过去完成时【2】

  1. 过去完成时的定义

  过去完成时既可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的事情(常用时间状语有already, before, ever, just, never, still, yet),也可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的动作一直持续到过去某个时间(常接时间状语:since +时间点, for + 时间段)。如:

  When I got to the station, the train had left. 当我到达车站时,火车已经开走了。

  We had learnt fifteen lessons by last week. 到上周为止,我们学完了十五篇课文。

  He had stayed here for two days before he left. 他走之前在这儿呆了两天。

  He said that he had lived there since he was ten. 他说他十岁起就住在那儿了。

  2. 过去完成时的结构

  过去完成时由“had + 过去分词”构成。

  3. 过去完成时的应用

  (1) 与过去完成时连用的时间状语可以多种多样,使用它的主要依据是看其是否发生在“过去的过去”。如:

  He had learnt some English before I went here. 在来这儿之前我学过一些英语。

  He had written three stories by last year. 到去年他已经写了三篇故事。

  We had cleaned the room when he got there. 当他到那儿时,我们已经把房子弄干净了。

  He went there after he had finished his work. 他把事做完之后,就去哪儿了。

  注意:当主句跟由before, after, as soon as所引导的时间从句的动作连接很紧密时,从句也可用一般过去时。

  He went there after he read the letter. 他看了那封信后就去那儿了。

  (2) 过去完成时还经常用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中。如:

  He said he had been a soldier. 他说他当过兵。

  They said they had seen the film. 他们说这幕电影他们看过。

  (3) 在hardly / scarcely …when…, no sooner…than… 两个结构中的主句通常要用过去完成时。如:

  Hardly had I told her the news when she began to cry out. 她一听到这一消息就大哭了起来。

  Scarcely had he finished his supper when he went out. 他已吃完晚饭就出去了。

  No sooner had he fallen asleep than he lay down on the bed. 他一躺倒床上就睡着了。

  (4) 动词expect, hope, suppose, think, want等的过去完成时可用来表示未实现的计划、打算或希望。如:

  I had hoped to see you. 我本希望来看你。

  He had wanted to buy a house in Beijing. 他本想在北京买栋房子。

  4. 过去完成时与一般过去时

  (1) 过去完成时表示以过去某时间为起点以前所发生的动作或存在的状态,即:过去完成时强调“过去的过去”,而一般过去时只表示以现在时间为起点以前所发生的事情或存在的状态。如:

  He studied there two years ago. 他在那儿学习了两年。(离现在两年)

  He said he had studied there two years ago. 他说他在那儿学习了两年。(离他说话时两年)

  (2) 表示过去某个时间以前所连续发生的两个或两个以上的动作时,一般用and, then, but按照动作的先后顺序连接,此时通常用一般过去时而不用过去完成时。如:

  He said he went the shop and bought some food. 他说他去商店买了一些食品。

高中英语十六种时态用法详解之将来完成时【3】

  1. 将来完成时的基本用法

  表示到将来某个时间为止势必会完成或预计要完成的动作,由“will [shall]+have+过去分词”构成:

  He will have arrived by now. 他现在应当已经到了。

  He will have gone back to England.他想必回英国去了。

  When we get there,she’ll have gone to work. 我们到那里时她会已上班去了。

  On Monday he’ll have been in Britain for three years. 到星期一,他在英国就满三年了。

  2. 现在完成时、过去完成时与将来完成的区别

  现在完成时以现在时间为参照点,表示在“现在”以前完成的.动作或持续到“现在”的状态,过去完成时则以过去时间为参照点,表示在“过去”某一时间以前发生的动作或持续到“过去”某一时间的状态,将来完成时则以将来时间为参照点,表示在“将来”某一时间为止已经完成的动作或持续到“将来”某一时间的状态:

  He has finished writing his novel. 他已写完了他的小说。

  He had finished writing his novel by the end of last year. 去年年底他就写完他的小说。

  He will have finished writing his novel by the end of next year. 到明年年底他就会写完他的小说了。

  与一般现在时代替一般将来时一样,在表示时间或者条件的状语从句,通常要用现在完成时来表示将来完成时,而不能直接使用将来完成时:

  I will go with you when I have finished my work. 等我完成工作之后我就同你去。

  若不强调动作的完成(且不致于引起歧义),有时也可用一般现在时:

  I will go with you when I finish my work. 我完成工作后就同你去。

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